彩虹明樱蛤Moerellairidescens人工育苗过程中催产技术的初步研究

本文报告了彩虹明樱蛤Ｍｏｅｒｅｌｌａｉｒｉｄｅｓｃｅｎｓ在人工育苗过程中的人工催产技术，比较了几种催产方法的催产效果，其中以０．５×１０－３氨海水浸泡刺激效果最好。催产的成功与否与亲贝性腺发育程度关系密切。此外，本文简要讨论了几种催产方法对不同双壳贝类的使用结果，对亲贝生殖腺寄生虫影响亲贝性腺作了简单观察。     

Eddy viscosities and velocities in combined wave-current flows

The eddy viscosities for the steady and the periodic components of combined wave-current flows have been studied quantitatively from the presently available experimental data. It has been found that inside the boundary interaction layer [z < δ] the eddy viscosity ε_c for the steady flow is increased in the presence of waves while outside the boundary interaction layer [z >δ] it is affected little by the wave motion, and that the eddy viscosity ε_w for the wave motion in the boundary layer is independent of the current strength U^*. On the other hand, a new eddy viscosity model is presented to give a good prediction of the velocity distributions of the waves and currents in comparison with experimental data.     

UV-B辐射对叉鞭金藻和三角褐指藻光合色素的影响

以叉鞭金藻和三角褐指藻为材料，采用室内一次性培养的方法研究了UV－B辐射对光合色素（叶绿素a和类胡萝卜素）含量的影响，结果显示，低剂量的UV－B辐射处理对叉鞭金藻的光合色素含量影响不明显，甚至可使光合色素的含量升高；而高剂量的UV－B辐射处理引起叉鞭金藻光合色素含量降低，三角褐指藻的叶绿素a和类胡萝卜素含量随着UV－B辐射的增强表现出逐渐降低的趋势，说明UV－B辐射增强对海洋微藻光合色素有严重的破坏作用。     

全雌鲻鱼培育的进一步研究

为了验证和完善培育全雌鲻鱼的技术路线，我们在首次培育试验成功的基础上，通过调整用药剂量和增加试验鱼数量，进行第二次培育试验。试验选用体长2．8－3.5cm、性别未分化的鲻鱼苗，分为三组。高剂量组和低剂量组分别投喂拌有不同剂量17β-雌二醇的饲料，持续6个月，对照组则投喂不含药物的饲料，结果显示，高剂量组鲻鱼全部分化为雌性，低剂量组雌性率达90％，对照组雌性率仅为10％。与第一次试验结果相比较，我们认为，全雌鲻鱼培育的技术路线更为成熟和合理，为将来推广应用提供可靠的技术保证。     

5种海水鱼同工酶表达的组织特性及其电泳的初步分析

于１９９４年７－１２月，山东，福建省沿海采集真鲷、黑鲷、牙鲆、鲈和小黄鱼等５种黄６９２个生化样品，应用水平淀粉胶和垂直聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法，对５种鱼的肌肉，眼睛、心脏、鳍，鳃、肾脏共７种组织的２３种同工酶进行了初步分析。     

Adaptive Multi-Scale Population Spatialization Model Constrained by Multiple Factors: A Case Study of Russia

Population spatialization is the foundation for the visualization and analysis of population integrated with other information, such as environmental resources, economy, and public health. The existing population spatialization models have solved many problems for population distribution, but most of these studies have focused on a specific, single-scale approach and ignored the scale transformation for population spatialization. However, multi-scale visualization and the analysis of spatial information need multi-scale information. Meanwhile, the population distribution map as one kind of thematic map is always overlaid with the digital vector map or remote sensing map and visualized in the Web Geographic Information Systems (Web GIS), so it should adapt to the map scale showed in browser, when the user zoom in and zoom out. Hence adaptive multi-scale is necessary for population spatialization. Therefore, in this study, an adaptive multi-scale population spatialization model (APSM) is proposed with comprehensive factors constrained. These factors are residential area, land cover, public transport, hydrology, terrain, and climate. All of them are closely associated with population distribution. The overall methodology of APSM and the process for APSM are expounded in this paper. Meanwhile, with a case study of Russia, the processes of APSM for Russia are stated, and a population spatialization tool is implemented for expanding the application of APSM. The experimental analysis showed that APSM satisfied the requirement of geospatial analysis well and obtained a reliable accuracy.     

基于SuperMap平台的泸县农村宅基地管理平台构建

立足于农村宅基地制度改革,以泸县试点为例,对农村宅基地改革试点管理平台建设思路和建设应用进行论述.在平台的构建过程中,充分结合了泸县农村宅基地改革成果,制定了相关数据标准,建立了宅基地改革数据成果入库、日常审批、管理应用、数据更新维护和信息共享等一体化的宅基地管理平台,实现了与国土资源"一张图"有序的衔接与应用.     

Detecting primary precursors of January surface air temperature anomalies in China

This study aims to detect the primary precursors and impact mechanisms for January surface temperature anomaly (JSTA) events in China against the background of global warming, by comparing the causes of two extreme JSTA events occurring in 2008 and 2011 with the common mechanisms inferred from all typical episodes during 1979–2008. The results show that these two extreme events exhibit atmospheric circulation patterns in the mid–high latitudes of Eurasia, with a positive anomaly center over the Ural Mountains and a negative one to the south of Lake Baikal (UMLB), which is a pattern quite similar to that for all the typical events. However, the Eurasian teleconnection patterns in the 2011 event, which are accompanied by a negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation, are different to those of the typical events and the 2008 event. We further find that a common anomalous signal appearing in early summer over the tropical Indian Ocean may be responsible for the following late-winter Eurasian teleconnections and the associated JSTA events in China. We show that sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) in the preceding summer over the western Indian Ocean (WIO) are intimately related to the UMLB-like circulation pattern in the following January. Positive WIOSSTAs in early summer tend to induce strong UMLB-like circulation anomalies in January, which may result in anomalously or extremely cold events in China, which can also be successfully reproduced in model experiments. Our results suggest that the WIOSSTAs may be a useful precursor for predicting JSTA events in China.     

一种分布式计算的空间离群点挖掘算法

针对现有空间离群点挖掘算法无法适应大规模空间数据挖掘的需求,该文提出了一种分布式条件下的空间离群点挖掘算法。首先,该文针对集群上分布式计算和存储的特点提出使用空间填充曲线来划分数据集,加速寻找目标点的近似空间最近邻居。其次,使用信息熵的理论来定义空间离群系数,考虑到多维数据中不同属性对离群系数的影响具有差异性,该算法能够自动根据数据原有特点,计算各属性的权重;同时使用反距离权定义空间因素对离群系数的影响。最后,实验结果表明该算法在大规模的空间数据集中挖掘离群点的效率远高于传统算法,离群点的挖掘精度在90%以上。     

世界跨国投资网络结构演化及复杂性研究

基于复杂网络方法,运用GIS、Pajek、Matlab和数据库等技术手段,构建世界跨国投资网络,考察2001~2012年世界跨国投资网络结构及其复杂性的时序演化过程。根据研究可以得出以下主要结论：① 世界跨国投资网络整体遵循“核心-边缘”的圈层结构,结构内部不断变化和重组,呈现由双核主导向多核互联演变,形成资本从西欧、北美、东亚向北欧、南美、西亚、东南亚流动的格局;② 世界投资网络具有显著小世界性质和无标度特征,无标度特征伴随时间的推移趋于弱化;③ 投资活动活跃的国家,对跨国投资网络拥有更强的控制力,但对强化投资的可达性作用不显著,其主要受市场等潜在因素的影响;④ 跨国投资结构的复杂性由高到低依次为中枢型投资地、区域型投资地、一般型投资地、孤立型投资地,不同功能类型的空间分布具有显著的集聚性。